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Locomotive Evaluation

Papers and Reports about

Locomotive Exhaust Emissions

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	Authors:		Hedrick, J., S. Fritz, and T. Stewart
	Title:		"Effect of Blower and Injector Cutout on Performance and Emissions of an EMD 16-645E Engine"
	Source:		ASME Paper No. ICES2006-1309
	Date:		May 2006

	Authors:		Fritz, S., R. Honc, and L. Chen
	Title		"Engine Data Logging Of TxDOT Galveston Ferry Operations"
	Source:		ASME Paper No. ICES2006-1301
	Date:		May 2006

	Authors:		Fritz, S., J. Hedrick, and B. Smith
	Title:		"Exhaust Emissions from a 1,500 kW EMD 16-645-E Locomotive Diesel Engine Using Several Ultra-Low Sulfur Diesel Fuels"
	Source:		ASME Paper No. ICEF2005-1228
	Date:		September 2005

	Authors:		K. Froelund, S. Fritz, and B. Smith
	Title:		"Ranking Lubricating Oil Consumption of Different Power Assemblies on an EMD 16-645-E Locomotive Diesel Engine"
	Source:		CIMAC Paper No. 070
	Date:		June 2004

	Authors:		S. Fritz, A. Schumann and B. Smith
	Title:		"Crankcase Blowby Characterization from An EMD 16-645-E Locomotive Diesel Engine"
	Source:		ASME Paper No. ICEF2003-707
	Date:		September 2003

	Authors:		Biess, L., T. Stewart, D. Miller, and S. Fritz
	Title:		"Reducing Locomotive Idle Fuel Consumption and Exhaust Emissions by Applying an Auxiliary Power Unit (APU)"
	Source:		ASME Paper No. ICES2003-550
	Date:		May 2003

	Authors:		K. Froelund, S. Fritz, and B. Smith
	Title:		"Lubricating Oil Consumption Measurements on an EMD 16-645-E Locomotive Diesel Engine"
	Source:		ASME Paper No. ICES2003-549
	Date:		May 2003

	Authors:		Fritz, S. G. and K. S. Tyson
	Title:		"Evaluation of Biodiesel Fuel in an EMD GP38-2 Locomotive"
	Source:		4th International Colloquium—Fuels, Technische Akademie Esslingen, Germany (http://www.tae.de/welcome.htm)
	Date:		January 15-16, 2003

	Authors:		Fritz, S. G.
	Title:		"Diesel Fuel Effects on Locomotive Exhaust Emissions"
	Source:		23rd CIMAC Congress, Paper No. 7A-05
	Date:		May 2001

	Authors:		Fritz, S. G.
	Title:		"Diesel Fuel Effects on Locomotive Exhaust Emissions"
	Source:		SwRI Report No. 08-02062 to the California Air Resources Board
	Date:		October 2000

	Authors:		Fritz, S. G.
	Title:		"Locomotive Exhaust Emissions"
	Presentation:		Environment Canada—Railways and the Environment Workshop, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada (June 1999)
	Date:		June 1999

	Authors:		Fritz, S. G.
	Title:		"Ten Questions on EPA's Locomotive Exhaust Emission Regulations"
	Source:		LMOA
	Date:		September 1998
	Presentation:		1998 Technical Conference of the Coordinated Mechanical Associations - Locomotive Maintenance Officers Association, Chicago, IL (September 1998), and the 1998 ASME Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference, Clymer, NY (October 1998)

	Authors:		Fritz, S. G.
	Title:		"Locomotive Exhaust Emissions: Past Studies, Present Work, and Future Challenges"
	Presentation:		SAE TC-9 Committee Meeting, Salt Lake City, Utah (January 1998)
	Date:		January 1998

	Authors:		Fritz, S. G.
	Title:		"The Potential for LNG as a Railroad Fuel in the U.S."
	Source:		ASME Paper No. 97-ICE-12, ICE Vol 28-2
	Date:		April 1997

	Authors:		Fritz, S. G.
	Title:		"Exhaust Emissions from Several EMD SD50 Locomotives"
	Source:		Association of American Railroads Report No. R-893, SwRI Final Report No. 7026-b
	Date:		November 1995

	Authors:		Fritz, S. G.
	Title:		"Locomotive Exhaust Emissions Test Report: SP No. 502—an MK 5000C"
	Source:		Association of American Railroads, SwRI Final Report No. 7026-a
	Date:		November 1995

	Authors:		Fritz, S. G.
	Title:		"Emissions Measurements—Locomotives"
	Source:		EPA Work Assignments 1-4 and 2-4, Contract No. 68-C2-0144, SwRI Report No. 5374-024
	Date:		August 1995

	Authors:		Fritz, S. G., V. O. Markworth, and G. R. Cataldi
	Title:		"Exhaust Emissions from In-Use Locomotives"
	Source:		ASME Paper No. 95-ICE-4
	Date:		April 1995
	Presentation:		1995 ASME Internal Combustion Engine Division Spring Technical Conference, Marietta, Ohio (April 23-26, 1995)

	Authors:		Fritz, S. G., V. O. Markworth, and R. L. Mason
	Title:		"Exhaust Emission Field Tests of Several Locomotives: Phase II—EMD MP15AC, GP35, P40PH, SD60 and GE AMD-103, DASH8-32BWH, DASH9-44CW EFI, and Republic RD20 Locomotives"
	Source:		Association of American Railroads Report No. R-885, SwRI Report No. 4171-D
	Date:		March 1995

	Authors:		Fritz, S. G., V. O. Markworth, and R. L. Mason
	Title:		"Exhaust Emission Field Tests of Several Locomotives: Phase I—EMD SD40-2 and GE C40-8 Locomotives"
	Source:		Association of American Railroads Report No. R-877, SwRI Report No. 4171-C
	Date:		October 1994

	Authors:		Fritz, S. G. and V. O. Markworth
	Title:		"Locomotive Exhaust: On Track"
	Source:		Technology Today, pp. 3-7 (September 1994)
	Date:		September 1994

	Authors:		Fritz, S. G., V. O. Markworth, and R. L. Mason
	Title:		"Exhaust Emissions From In-Use Locomotives"
	Source:		Association of American Railroads (AAR) Technology Digest TD94
	Date:		August 1994

	Authors:		Markworth, V. O., S. G. Fritz, and R. L. Mason
	Title:		"Exhaust Emissions and Fuel Consumption with Upgraded Engine Components"
	Source:		Association of American Railroads Report No. R-865, SwRI Report No. 4171
	Date:		May 1994

	Authors:		Fritz, S. G., V. O. Markworth, and D.D. Steeples
	Title:		"Water Vapor Effects on Engine Exhaust NOX Measurements"
	Source:		SwRI Report No. 4171-A, AAR Technical Digest TD94-004
	Date:		February 1994

	Authors:		Fritz, S. G. and M. E. Starr
	Title:		"Emissions Measurements—Locomotives"
	Source:		SwRI Final Report No. 5374-801, EPA Work Assignment 0-1, Contract No. 68-C2-0144
	Date:		September 1993

	Authors:		Markworth, V.O.
	Title:		"Locomotive Improvement Program: Twelfth Research Phase Final Report—Exhaust Emissions Measurements, Locomotive Engine Emissions Regulatory Activities, GE and EMD Engine Modeling"
	Source:		Association of American Railroads Report No. R-841, SwRI Report No. 03-4171
	Date:		July 1993

	Authors:		Fritz, S. G. and M. E. Starr
	Title:		"Emissions Measurements—Locomotives"
	Source:		SwRI Final Report No. 5374-801, EPA Work Assignment 0-1, Contract No. 68-C2-0144
	Date:		September 1993

	Authors:		Markworth, V.O.
	Title:		"Locomotive Improvement Program: Twelfth Research Phase Final Report—Exhaust Emissions Measurements, Locomotive Engine Emissions Regulatory Activities, GE and EMD Engine Modeling"
	Source:		Association of American Railroads Report No. R-841, SwRI Report No. 03-4171
	Date:		July 1993

	Authors:		Fritz, S.G.
	Title:		"Locomotive Exhaust Emissions: Past Studies, Present Work, and Future Challenges"
	Source:		Presented at the U.S. Department of Energy 1993 Diesel Engine Emission Reduction Workshop, La Jolla, Californi
	Date:		July 1993

	Authors:		Fritz, S.G.
	Title:		"Exhaust Emissions From Two Intercity Passenger Locomotives
	Source:		ASME Publication ICE-Vol. 20, pp.155-166, Alternative Fuels, Engine Performance and Emissions (September 1993), and ASME Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power, Volume 116, No. 4, pp.774-783 (October 1994), SwRI Report No. 4976"
	Date:		November 1992
	Presentation:		1993 ASME Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference (September 26-29, 1993

	Authors:		Cataldi, G. R. and G. W. Widell
	Title:		"Locomotive Exhaust Emissions: Effects of High-Cetane, Low-Sulfur, Low-Aromatic Fuels"
	Source:		Association of American Railroads Report No. TD 92-013
	Date:		September 1992

	Authors:		Cataldi, G. R. and G. W. Widell
	Title:		"Locomotive Exhaust Emissions: Combined Effects of Low-Sulfur, Low-Aromatic, High-Cetane Fuel; Retarded Injection Timing; and Increased Aftercooling"
	Source:		Association of American Railroads Report No. TD 92-012
	Date:		September 1992

	Authors:		Cataldi, G. R. and G. W. Widell
	Title:		"Effects of Blowby Diversion on Exhaust Emissions"
	Source:		Association of American Railroads Report No. TD 92-011
	Date:		September 1992

	Authors:		Markworth, V. O., S. G. Fritz, and G. R. Cataldi
	Title:		"The Effect of Injection Timing, Enhanced Aftercooling, and Low-Sulfur Low-Aromatic Fuel on Locomotive Exhaust Emissions"
	Source:		Reprinted from ICE-Vol. 15, pp. 107-116, Fuels, Controls, and Aftertreatment for Low Emissions Engines, ASME Book No. I00318, ISBN 0-7918-0655-3, and ASME Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power, Volume 114, No. 3, pp.488-495 (July 1992)
	Date:		September 1991

	Authors:		Markworth, V. O., S. G. Fritz, and M. B. Treuhaft
	Title:		"Locomotive Improvement Program, Eleventh Research Phase Final Report: Exhaust Emissions Measurements, Exhaust Emissions Test Procedure Development, Locomotive Engine Emissions Regulatory Activities, Locomotive Air Filtration, Idle Fuel Consumption Improvement"
	Source:		Association of American Railroads Report No. R-807, SwRI Report No. 3324
	Date:		December 1990

	Authors:		Fritz, S. G. and G. R. Cataldi
	Title:		"Gaseous and Particulate Emissions from Diesel Locomotive Engines"
	Source:		Reprinted from ICE-Vol. 13, pp. 63-72, New Technology In Large Bore Engines, ASME Book No. I00306, ISBN 0-7918-0537-9, and ASME Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power, Volume 113, No. 3, pp.370-376 (July 1991)
	Date:		October 1990
	Presentation:		1990 ASME Fall Technical Conference of the Internal Combustion Engine Division, Rockford, Illinois (October 8, 1990)

	Authors:		Fritz, S. G., J. F. Wakenell, M. B. Treuhaft and H. E. Mecredy
	Title:		"Diesel Fuel Specification and Locomotive Improvement Program, Tenth Research Phase Final Report: Baseline Emissions Measurements, Locomotive Engine Emissions Reduction Strategies, Turbocharger Studies, Locomotive Air, Fuel, and Lubricating Oil Filtration, Locomotive Engine Diagnostics"
	Source:		Association of American Railroads Report No. R-771, SwRI Report No. 2695
	Date:		December 1989

	Authors:		Fritz, S.G.
	Title:		"In Situ Piston Ring Wear Measurements in a Medium Speed Diesel Engine"
	Source:		Lubrication Engineering, Volume 46, 6, pp. 365-370 (June 1990)
	Date:		May 1989
	Presentation:		1989 Society of Tribologists and Lubrication Engineers Annual Meeting, Atlanta, Georgia (May 3, 1989)

	Authors:		Fritz, S. G. and G. R. Cataldi
	Title:		"A Single-Cylinder Medium Speed Diesel Engine Research Facility"
	Source:		SAE Paper No. 881163
	Date:		August 1988
	Presentation:		SAE Conference and Exposition on Future Transportation Technology, San Francisco, California (August 8-11, 1988)

	Authors:		Conlon, C.L.
	Title:		"Exhaust Emission Testing of In-Service Diesel-Electric Locomotives"
	Source:		Association of American Railroads Report No. R-688
	Date:		March 1988

	Authors:		Wakenell, J. F., S. G. Fritz and M. B. Treuhaft
	Title:		"Diesel Fuel Specification and Locomotive Improvement Program, Eight Research Phase Final Report: Cold Environment Field Study, 500-Hour Fuel Evaluation, Ceramic Coatings, Engine Wear Sensor Evaluation, Locomotive Air, Fuel, and Lubricating Oil Filtration, Surface Treatment and Coatings for Power Assemblies"
	Source:		Association of American Railroads Report No. F-697, SwRI Report No. 1542
	Date:		December 1987

	Authors:		Wakenell, J. F., G. B. O'Neal, and Q. A. Baker
	Title:		"High-Pressure Late Cycle Direct Injection of Natural Gas in a Rail Medium Speed Diesel Engine"
	Source:		SAE Paper No. 872041
	Date:		1987

	Authors:		Wakenell, J. F., Q. A. Baker, A. S. Birring, S. G. Fritz, H. E. Mecredy, and C. M. Urban
	Title:		"Alternative Fuels For Medium-Speed Diesel Engines (AFFMSDE) Program, Seventh Research Phase Final Report: 72-Hour Idle and Performance Evaluations, Field Test, Cold Idling, Engine Efficiency, Engine Wear Measurement, Lubricating Oil Quality Control, and the Single Cylinder Research Engine"
	Source:		Association of American Railroads Report No. R-678, SwRI Report No. 8999
	Date:		December 1986

	Authors:		Wakenell, J.F., et.al.
	Title:		"Alternative Fuels for Medium-Speed Diesel Engines (AFFMSDE) Project: Sixth Research Phase Final Report—72-Hour Idle and Performance Evaluations, 500-Hour Screening Tests and Field Tests, Waste Heat Recovery, Cold Idling, Coated Components, Staged Injection, and Engine Wear Measurements"
	Source:		Association of American Railroads Report No. R-615, SwRI Report 8469
	Date:		October 1986

	Authors:		Wakenell, J.F., et.al.
	Title:		"Alternative Fuels for Medium-Speed Diesel Engines (AFFMSDE) Project: Fifth Research Phase Final Report—Off-Specification Distillate Fuel Idle, Performance and 500-Hour Evaluations; Coated Components, Non-Mechanical Cylinder Wear Measurements, Staged Injection"
	Source:		Association of American Railroads Report No. R-602, SwRI Report 03-7924
	Date:		April 1985

	Authors:		Baker, Q. A., et. al.
	Title:		"Alternative Fuels for Medium-Speed Diesel Engines (AFFMSDE) Project: Fourth Research Phase Final Report—Heavy Blended Fuels Screening Tests, Non-Mechanical Cylinder Wear Measurements, Identification of Components for Blended Fuels, Staged Injection"
	Source:		Association of American Railroads Report No. R-569, SwRI Report 7446
	Date:		February 1984

	Authors:		Baker, Q. A., J. F. Wakenell, and S. Ariga
	Title:		"Alternative Fuels for Medium-Speed Diesel Engines (AFFMSDE) Project: Third Research Phase Final Report—Slurries, Emulsions and Blended Fuel Extenders; Cylinder Wear Measurements, Staged Injection"
	Source:		FRA Report No. FRA/ORD-80/40.III, DOE Report No. DOE/CS/54266-3, SwRI Report 05-5361-002
	Date:		August 1983

	Authors:		Baker, Q. A., S. Ariga, and A. M. Alpert
	Title:		"Alternative Fuels for Medium-Speed Diesel Engines (AFFMSDE) Project: Second Research Phase Final Report—Synthetic Fuels, Alcohol Emulsions, Off-Specification Diesel Fuels, and Methanol"
	Source:		DOE and FRA Report No. FRA/ORD-80/40.II, SwRI Report 05-5361-002
	Date:		September 1981

	Authors:		Baker, Q. A. and J. O. Storment
	Title:		"Alternate Fuels for Medium-Speed Diesel Engines (AFFMSDE) Project: First Research Phase Final Report—Off-Specification Diesel Fuels, Simulated Coal-Derived Fuel and Methanol"
	Source:		DOE and FRA Report No. FRA/ORD80/40.I, SwRI Report 11-5361
	Date:		January 1981

	Authors:		Hoffman, J. G., K. J. Springer, and T. A. Tennyson
	Title:		"Four Cycle Diesel Electric Locomotive Exhaust Emissions: A Field Study"
	Source:		ASME Paper No. 75-DGP-10
	Date:		1975

	Authors:		Storment, J. O., K. J. Springer, and K. M. Hergenrother
	Title:		"NO_X Studies with EMD 2-567 Diesel Engine"
	Source:		ASME Paper 74-DPG-14
	Date:		1974

	Authors:		Hare, C. T., K. J. Springer, and T. A. Huls
	Title		"Locomotive Exhaust Emissions and Their Impact"
	Source:		ASME Paper No. 74-DGP-3
	Date:		1974

Reports and papers can be obtained from the following sources:

ASME Papers: www.asme.org

e-mail: infocentral@asme.org

phone: 1-800-843-2763
fax: 1-973-882-1717

AAR Reports: Contact: Kathy Pacheco at TTCI
e-mail: kathy_pacheco@aar.com

phone: 719-584-0538
CIMAC Papers: http://www.cimac.com

SAE Papers: Web: www.sae.org

e-mail: custsrv@sae.org

phone: 1-877-606-7323
fax: 724-776-0790
FRA and DOE Reports: Web: www.ntis.gov

ASME Panel Discussions: Web: www.asme.org/divisions/ice

then click on "ICE technology links"

For more information about our locomotive evaluation capabilities, or how you can contract with Southwest Research Institute (SwRI), please contact Steven G. Fritz, P.E., at sfritz@swri.org or (210) 522-3645.

traintesting.swri.org

Contact Information

Steven G. Fritz, P.E.

Locomotive Evaluation

(210) 522-3645

sfritz@swri.org

traintesting.swri.org

Related Terminology

locomotive engine emissions

AAR

Association of American Railroads

CARB

California Air Resources Board

EPA

Environmental Protection Agency

DOE

Department of Energy

FRA

Federal Railroad Administration

EMD

electro motive division

lubricating oil qualification

verification testing

APUs

auxiliary power units

NREL

National Renewable Energy Laboratory

railroad

trains

locomotive exhaust emissions

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Southwest Research Institute^®(SwRI^®), headquartered in San Antonio, Texas, is a multidisciplinary, independent, nonprofit, applied engineering and physical sciences research and development organization with 11 technical divisions.

December 28, 2012