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Southwest Research Institute (SwRI) offers a low-temperature sludge test, which evaluates a lubricant's performance in combating sludge and varnish formation. The low-temperature sludge test method is commonly referred to as the Sequence VG test and has been correlated with vehicles used in stop-and-go service prior to 1996, particularly for sludge and varnish formation.
ACEA 2004 SpecificationsThe low-temperature sludge test is part of ACEA 2004
Specifications:
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| Test Parameters | Stage | ||
| 1 | 2 | 3 | |
| Time, minutes | 120 | 75 | 45 |
| Engine, rpm | 1,200 | 2.900 | 700 |
| Load, Manifold Abs. pres, Kpa | 69 | 66 | Record |
| Oil Temperature, °C | 68 | 100 | 45 |
| Coolant Temperature, °C | 57 | 85 | 45 |
| Rocker Temperature, °C | 29 | 85 | 29 |
ASTM D 6593-00 Test Parts Evaluations
At the end of the low-temperature sludge test, sludge deposits on rocker arm covers, cam baffles, timing chain cover, oil pan baffle, oil pan, and valve decks are rated. Varnish deposits on piston skirts (thrust) and rocker arm covers are also rated. Inspections for "hot" and "cold" stuck piston compression rings are included. Clogging of oil pump screen and piston oil rings is rated. Measurements for wear on roller follower pins, cylinder bores, and piston ring gaps are included.
Pass/Fail Criteria
| Gasoline and Diesel Engines | ||||
| Properties | Limit | |||
| A1/B1-04 | A3/B3-04 | A3/B4-04 | A5/B5-04 | |
| Average Engine Sludge, merit | ³7.8 | ³7.8 | ³7.8 | ³7.8 |
| Rocker Cover Sludge, merit | ³8.0 | ³8.0 | ³8.0 | ³8.0 |
| Average Piston Skirt Varnish, merit | ³7.5 | ³7.5 | ³7.5 | ³7.5 |
| Average Engine Varnish, merit | ³8.9 | ³8.9 | ³8.9 | ³8.9 |
| Compression Ring (Hot Stuck) | None | None | None | None |
| Oil Screen Clogging, % | ≤20 | ≤20 | ≤20 | ≤20 |
| Gasoline and Diesel Engines with Aftertreatment Devices | |||
| Properties | Limit | ||
| C1-04 | C2-04 | C3-04 | |
| Average Engine Sludge, merit | ³7.8 | ³7.8 | ³7.8 |
| Rocker Cover Sludge, merit | ³8.0 | ³8.0 | ³8.0 |
| Average Piston Skirt Varnish, merit | ³7.5 | ³7.5 | ³7.5 |
| Average Engine Varnish, merit | ³8.9 | ³8.9 | ³8.9 |
| Compression Ring (Hot Stuck) | None | None | None |
| Oil Screen Clogging, % | ≤20 | ≤20 | ≤20 |
For more information about low-temperature sludge evaluation capabilities at SwRI or how you can contract with SwRI, please contact Raham Kirkwood at rkirkwood@swri.org or (210) 522-5905.
*Association des Constructeurs Européens d'Automobiles/European Automobile Manufacturers Association.
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Contact Information |
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Low-Temperature Sludge Evaluation (ASTM D 6593-00) (210) 522-5905 |
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Related Terminology |
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ASTM D 6593-00 sequence VG test low-temperature sludge test procedure sludge and varnish formation testing engine sludge deposits piston varnish deposits engine oil performance ACEA 2004 specifications standardized lubricant testing Association des Constructeurs Européens d'Automobiles European Automobile Manufacturers Association |
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| Fuels and Lubricants Technology Department | Fuels and Lubricants Research Division | SwRI Home |
Southwest Research Institute® (SwRI®), headquartered in San Antonio, Texas, is a multidisciplinary, independent, nonprofit, applied engineering and physical sciences research and development organization with 11 technical divisions.
September 30, 2008