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Southwest Research Institute (SwRI) offers the sulphated ash laboratory evaluation, which determines the sulphated ash in unused lubricating oils containing additives and from additive concentrates used in compounding.
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| Gasoline and Diesel Engines |
Gasoline and Diesel Engines with Aftertreatment Devices |
Heavy-Duty Diesel Engines |
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A1/B1-04 A3/B3-04 A3/B4-04 A5/B5-04 |
C1-04 C2-04 C3-04 |
E2-96
Issue 5 E4-99 Issue 3 E6-04 E7-04 |
ASTM D 874
Test Parameters
These additives usually contain one or more of the following metals:
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barium
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calcium
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magnesium
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zinc
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potassium
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sodium
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tin
These elements can be present in combined form:
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sulphur
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phosphorus
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chlorine
The
sample is ignited and burned until only ash and carbon
remain.
After cooling, the residue is treated with sulphuric acid
and heated to 775°C until carbon oxidation is complete. The
ash is then cooled, retreated with sulphuric acid, and
heated to 775°C to constant weight. The sulphated ash can be
used to indicate the concentration of known metal-containing
additives in new oils. The result to the nearest 0.001 mass%
for samples below 0.02 mass% and to the nearest 0.01 mass%
for higher levels are reported as the sulphated ash.
Pass / Fail Criteria
The pass/fail criteria include maximum variation of characteristics after immersion for 7 days in fresh oil without pre-aging.
| Gasoline and Diesel Engines | ||||
| Property | Limits | |||
| A1/B1-04 | A3/B3-04 | A3/B4-04 | A5/B5-04 | |
| Sulphated Ash, % m/m | ≤1.3 | ≤1.5 | ≤1.6 | ≤1.6 |
| Gasoline and Diesel Engines with Aftertreatment Devices | |||
| Property | Limits | ||
| C1-04 | C2-04 | C3-04 | |
| Sulphated Ash, % m/m | ≤0.5 | ≤0.8 | ≤0.8 |
| Heavy-Duty Diesel Engines | ||||
| Property | Limits | |||
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E2-96 Issue 5 |
E4-99 Issue 3 |
E6-04 | E7-04 | |
| Sulphated Ash, % m/m | ≤2.0 | ≤1.0 | ≤2.0 | |
For more information about sulphated ash evaluation (ASTM D 874) capabilities at SwRI or how you can contract with SwRI, please contact Becky Grinfield at bgrinfield@swri.org or (210) 522-3652.
*Association des Constructeurs Européens d'Automobiles
/ European Automobile Manufacturers Association.
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Contact Information |
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Sulphated
Ash Evaluation (210) 522-3652 |
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Related Terminology |
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ASTM D 874 ACEA laboratory tests sulphated ash test lubricant analysis concentration of additives in oils metal-containing additives in new oils ACEA 2004 specifications standardized lubricant testing engine lubricants Association des Constructeurs Européens d'Automobiles European Automobile Manufacturers Association |
| Fuels and Lubricants Technology Department | Fuels and Lubricants Research Division | SwRI Home |
Southwest Research Institute® (SwRI®), headquartered in San Antonio, Texas, is a multidisciplinary, independent, nonprofit, applied engineering and physical sciences research and development organization with 11 technical divisions.
September 30, 2008