Analytical Penetration Modeling
Comparison of Walker-Anderson model (black lines) to experimental result for bulging and perforation
The Walker-Anderson analytical penetration model, developed by Southwest Research Institute (SwRI), is based on momentum conservation along the projectile-target centerline. Originally developed for semi-infinite metallic armors, the model can be used to solve a wide range of problems including bulging and perforation, incorporating seven different exit failure modes. The analytical penetration model provides a fast-running, accurate capability to estimate penetration performance in metallic, ceramic, and fabric armors.
Analytical Penetration Modeling Applications
- Long-rod projectiles
- Small arms (armor-piercing and ball rounds)
- Fragment-simulating projectiles (FSP)
- Brittle materials (e.g., glass and ceramics)
- Ballistic fabrics
- Ballistic composites
- Estimates for ballistic protection such as V50, mass efficiency, and limit thickness
- Hypervelocity impact
Ballistic limit vs. thickness predictions for FSPs, and comparison to experimental data (solid lines are the model; experimental data are denoted by the symbols)
Comparison of fabric response model (solid lines) to experimental data (symbols)
Comparison of Walker-Anderson model (solid lines) to experimental data for tungsten alloy and steel L/D 10 long rods into armor steel targets
Comparison of Walker-Anderson model (solid lines) to nose and tail positions of a long rod penetrating an armor steel target
Comparison of VS–VR and V50 by Walker-Anderson model to experimental data
The analytical model reproduces the experimental data for tungsten long-rod penetration into a semi-infinite silicon carbide target
Related Terminology
analytical penetration modeling • penetration mechanics • armor mechanics, ballistic impact • ceramic armor • body armor • terminal ballistics • penetration performance • ballistic performance • long-rod projectiles • terminal ballistics • penetration mechanics • armor mechanics • material response • numerical simulation • transient dynamics • computational fluid dynamics • CFD • homeland security
