Fluid physics is the study of fluid behavior in different gravities and conditions. Southwest Research Institute (SwRI) advances the frontiers of fluid physics for space exploration through cutting-edge research and testing. In the unique microgravity environment of space, fluids behave dramatically differently than on Earth—presenting both challenges and opportunities for spacecraft design.
Our multidisciplinary team conducts fundamental and applied research as well as technology development to solve critical fluid dynamics problems across propulsion systems, orbital spacecraft operations, planetary surface systems, reduced gravity and microgravity manufacturing, Lunar mission “survive the night” power and thermal management, and other emerging space applications. By bridging theoretical understanding with practical engineering solutions, SwRI helps space industry partners optimize performance, enhance safety, and unlock new possibilities for space missions.
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Nucleate boiling is affected by buoyancy changes in reduced gravity. SwRI quantified heat transfer and bubble sizes on engineered surfaces in simulated Earth, Martian and Lunar gravities.
Fluid Physics Research
We specialize in advancing space fluid systems through hands-on research, precision testing in reduced gravity environments and custom thermal-fluid modeling.
Fundamental Research
- Nucleate Boiling – SwRI has several projects to study nucleate boiling as a method of heat transfer in spacecraft. Bubbles that remain in contact with surfaces can lead to reduced heat and mass transfer in heat exchangers.
- Multiphase Fluid Flow – Multiphase flow in propellant systems can challenge equipment and our research helps advance the management of harmful bubbles in space.
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Boiling Process in Partial Gravity
Learn how SwRI is studying nucleate pool boiling to advance understanding for extended missions to the Moon or Mars.
Applied Research
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Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations support the analysis of sloshing dynamics in launch and low gravity environments.
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Test rig flown aboard Blue Origin’s New Shephard suborbital flight test vehicle.
Southwest Research Institute leverages its extensive expertise and longstanding history in fluid mechanics, thermal systems, and multiphase fluid physics to address clients’ unique technological challenges. By applying this deep knowledge, the Institute delivers innovative solutions and supports the advancement of various technologies and payloads through higher Technology Readiness Levels (TRLs).
Southwest Research Institute has pioneered fluid sloshing dynamics and space thermal management since the 1960s, delivering proven solutions that keep missions on track. Our applied research expertise encompasses comprehensive sloshing analysis, advanced fluid management systems, and thermal control technologies specifically engineered for the demanding space environment. From preventing propellant instability in launch vehicles to optimizing heat transfer in orbital systems, our decades of experience translate into reliable, mission-critical solutions for today's most challenging space applications.
Sloshing Dynamics
Southwest Research Institute is a leader in propellant slosh modeling and analysis. Download the “Dynamics Behavior of Liquids in Moving Containers” SLOSHXL code.
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Slosh & Spin Testing
For more than 60 years, SwRI has been a stabilizing force in the study of fuel sloshing and thermal fluid dynamics.
Testing & Evaluation
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Flow test rig for thruster orifices. SwRI has facilities for conducting flow, thermal, cryogenic and slosh tests of spacecraft components or systems.
Ground Testing
- Slosh testing of flight and field scale propellant tanks
- Spacecraft thruster nozzle & orifice performance testing
- Tank sump antivortex performance & pressure drop characterization
- Thermal device and thermal system performance evaluation (Radiators / Heat Exchangers / Thermosiphon / Heat pipes)
- Cryogenic temperature sensor qualification
Reduced Gravity Testing
- Parabolic Flight Experience – We have skilled flyers for designing and operating microgravity and partial gravity experiments.
- Suborbital Flight Experience – We have experience designing autonomous payloads that operate in suborbital flight tests.
For more information, please contact Kevin Supak or call +1 210 522 2350.
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Blue Origin Press Release
SwRI experiments fly aboard Blue Origin's New Shepard suborbital rocket.